How to send Bit Commands Networking

How to send Bit Commands Networking

User1 when the computer is using the user computer 2 (file server), the network must take the file from the hard disk on the server, move it... 12/31/2015

User1 when the computer is using the user computer 2 (file server), the network must take the file from the hard disk on the server, move it over the network, and sends it to a word processor on the user computer 1. Before transmitting the contents of files over a network, the file server must read the file from a floppy disk , Subsequently, the file server must transmit bits over the network.

Whenever the flow of electricity running through the wires, you can put a device at the end of the cable in order to feel something else on the electricity flow. Something that can be felt is the voltmeter. Bye electric voltage is electricity that flows through the cable. In networking, to send bits, the sender can change the electrical voltage at one level to indicate a binary 0, and the other to indicate a binary 1.

For example, to transmit bits, the NIC in the computer User 2 send some electrical signals through wires. The appliance is at the other end of the cable into the PC NIC User 1 this case further interpret the arrival of electrical signals. In order to work, both NICs must meet the standard transmission equipment. For example, imagine if the NIC User 2 sends an electrical signal a + 5 volts to transmit a binary 0 and +10 volts to transmit a binary 1, then the network will not work because User 1 is not going to know what is in User 2 sent to him.

Transmission physical bits can be much more complicated than these examples, but the basic idea remains the same, placing the delivery of electrical devices on the cable, which is interpreted as a binary number by a device at the other end of the cable. The term encoding refers to the process of taking a binary value and produces an electrical signal that is appropriate to be able to transmit bits over the network. Ecoding rules that are used to transmit the data specified by the standard networking.

Once Sent Bit A Time Package

Even if you read an example of a particular networking standard for transmitting the bits, some other standards in need before the two computers can communicate well. For example, imagine if User 2 can transmit the contents of a file successfully, but some data is lost, as are shown in Figure below.

Bit Commands Networking

In normal operation, the devices - devices in the network to send bits in groups, commonly called a packet. For example, User 2 sends the first part of the file performance first package, the next part of the file in the next package, and so on. Package is just a bunch of bits, combined for the transmission network. You can imagine the package as a package - a package store a few bits to you when bits - the bits sent over the network. Why network using packet ?? It's like if you work at a company selling widgets, you need to send one million widgets to a customer. Are you going to put it all in one box ?? Probably not. You will bring partly in one box, and partly to another box, until you've put all the widgets in several boxes. You will be sent a box - the box is the same place, and you may even send all the boxes on the same day. However, it will be easier to send the package - the package if the size of the box - the box more easily managed.

Similarly, instead of sending the entire contents of a file that may be billions - billions of bits in length if all tell the computer sends data in packets so that data transmission a little easier to handle. In fact, one of the reasons require a networking standard package form was as error recovery, you will learn in the next section.

What You Should Do When Bit Experiencing In Conflict

Now imagine if a second package that are shown in Figure 3.2 there is an error. If the second NIC is assumed that the +5 volt binary 0 and +10 volts is 1, what happens if the mains voltage is 15 volts? Or 7.5 volts? Of course, the power supply voltage will disrupt the NIC.

How did the error happen? Indeed, something simple person who is running the vacuum cleaner near the cable can cause changes in the electrical tension when electricity travels through wires. This phenomenon is called electrical interference. Formally, the electrical interference is the effect of a change in the electrical signal in because presence of several adjacent electrical signals. You all have seen or heard of electrical interference, such as when a television picture you slightly blurred, while the sound of AM radio you can not be heard when you're driving down the cable - high voltage power line, or when you hear a humming stereo sound from you when you was turn on the blender in your kitchen.

A good command for networking

The solution to the problem of transmission error usually occurs in the software on two computers with networking standard today. To rediscover the packet error, the computer software must agree to use the same networking protocol, a protocol that provides a method to identify two to recover from the error.

The protocol is a kind of a standard, in fact in some ways, protocols and standards are the same thing, but the term simple protocol that may be used to determine the lost data.

Error Recovery is a process that not only inform the general appearance of errors in the transmission paker, but also the demand to transmit packets back to the package well received. Rather than sending all the bits in the file at the same time, the use of the package enables to restore by simply sending another portion of the file.